⎝⎛新金沙线上娱乐⎞⎠

In early November, the national cement price rose for the sixth consecutive week, and Central and South China continued to lead the rise. The industry analysis shows that this is inseparable from the recent establishment of the US $ 40 billion Silk Road Fund to help implement the “One Belt One Road” blueprint. This will drive the construction of transportation infrastructure such as railways and highways in central and western China and many Asian countries, and open up new space for China's cement demand.

China is a large country of cement production and consumption, accounting for more than half of the world's cement output. In recent years, environmental problems caused by the overcapacity and high emissions of the cement industry have gradually emerged. Last year, China issued strict emission standards for pollutants in the cement industry in the past. In addition, the launch of a number of domestic carbon emission rights paid and trading pilots also included cement in the emissions control industry. Since the State Council issued Circular No. 38 in 2008 to curb the excess capacity of the cement industry, new cement projects have been discontinued. Enterprises can only adjust their capacity through mergers and reorganizations.

On the one hand, market opportunities appear from time to time, and on the other hand, stricter emission reduction and environmental protection constraints. The reporter recently visited related enterprises and found that many production enterprises have adopted low-carbon, emission reduction transformation, and developed circular economy to increase added value, explore the cement industry to ease overcapacity, and open up a new path for the blue ocean of the market. Wu Yiyue, president of the Guangdong Building Materials Industry Association, said that the extension of the industrial chain has become a trend in the cement industry and requires innovative development.

  Emission reduction

Farewell to smoke and dust in a fully enclosed plant in mining

Behind the growing emphasis on environmental protection in cement companies is the environmental problems brought about by the development of the industry, which has attracted the attention of the government and the industry. The smoke lingering and the dust flying, these people have no impression of the sight of the cement plant. It is replaced by vast green areas and verdant woods. If it is not for the tall tower cranes and production equipment behind the woods, it will be difficult to detect that this is an industrial enterprise.

Recently, the reporter came to the Taini Heping Cement Plant in Hualien County, Taiwan. Not far behind the plant area is the mine where the cement raw materials originated. Unlike the traditional open-pit excavation of the mine, the ore slopes down from the bare mountain and raises the dust of the sky. The mine here can't see the traces of mining. The reporter rode up the mountain and the mountain was lush and well preserved until the tunnel on the mountainside Mouth, it was found that there is Qiankun inside.

"You can inspect the situation in the mine from the tunnel, and only 6 to 7 employees can complete the daily operation of the mine." Huang Youjin, the director of Taini Heping Cement Plant, introduced that the mine used the "platform on the top of the mountain and the method of vertical shaft transportation" to carry out flat mining from the top of the mountain more than 1,000 meters high. The ore after the initial mining was put into the shaft—that is, in the mountain. The excavated vertical channel is transported to the mountain in three stages by gravity. Each stage is provided with a platform and crusher to further crush the ore. After the raw limestone is mined and transported down the mountain, it is transported to the cement production line using a closed belt gallery. "The entire process is fully automated and fully enclosed."

The mine currently has three shafts with an annual production capacity of 15 million tons, and it is also the world's largest shaft mining and transportation system. In addition, planting and regreening will be carried out after each surface is mined, and 10 hectares have been restored, accounting for 30% of the total area.

Not only Taiwan, but also mainland China, more and more cement companies are beginning to pay attention to environmental protection. The environmental problems brought about by the development of this industry have attracted the attention of the government and the industry.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Environmental Protection last year, the cement industry's particulate matter emissions account for 15% -20% of the country's particulate matter emissions, the industry's sulfur dioxide emissions account for 3% -4% of the country's, and nitrogen oxide emissions account for 10% -12% of the country, which is a pollution The key industries controlled, the cement industry's mining resource consumption and ecological damage are also prominent issues. In this regard, the state requires that 370 million tons of backward cement production capacity be eliminated during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period; in key regions such as the three major urban agglomerations, the implementation of cement projects is subject to strict special emission limits.

In mainland China, environmentally friendly shaft mining methods have begun testing water. A cement base in Yingde, Guangdong uses the concept of "semi-shafts". "The side of Yingde is a few hills with a height of one or two hundred meters. It is scattered and low in height. It is not as dense as the mine in Heping Plant. The completely vertical shaft method is not suitable. "In this regard, the project uses the method of double mountain mining." We just found a circle of mountains with a natural hole in the middle, and regarded it as a natural shaft. Mining When dust is trapped inside, the landscape of the first mountain is also retained. "The person in charge of the production base introduced.

In addition to mining dust, in response to tightening nitrogen oxide emission standards, TCC (Yingde) completed the transformation of low-nitrogen combustion and SNCR selective non-catalytic reduction denitrification technology in four production lines in 2012 and 2013, respectively. "Controlling the combustion of nitrogen oxides in the cement industry has always been a problem. Traditional denitration uses ammonia spray on the end treatment. We have adopted a low nitrogen combustion technology, which uses nitrogen containing oxygen to burn. Although the cost has increased, but from The source of nitrogen oxides is reduced at the source. "Huang Youjin said.

Low carbon

Capture carbon dioxide can grow algae to produce health products

Carbon capture is only part of the circular economy of the cement company. The local has also adopted the "three-in-one" development model of "port-plant power" integration, that is, the trinity development of cement plant, Heping Power Plant and Heping Port to achieve complementary energy and resource interoperability.

In addition to the tightening of pollutant emissions, the cement industry is also a key carbon control industry in the pilot carbon trading in many places in China. How to reduce carbon emissions and even turn carbon into a "treasure" has become an important topic related to the production cost of cement enterprises.

In July this year, the "Global Top 100 Science and Technology R & D Awards" known as the Oscars of the technology industry was announced. The calcium loop technology for carbon dioxide capture originated from the cement industry was awarded. The TCC Heping Plant is the world's largest test plant for this technology. For more than a year of operation, the total capture volume has reached 1 ton per hour, and the capture efficiency can reach more than 90%.

The reporter saw in the research and development laboratory of the plant that the carbon dioxide captured from the cement plant was transported through thin tubes to bottles and glass jars of various sizes in the laboratory. Under the action of light, etc., different breeds were produced in the bottles and jars. Dark green algae. After these algae pass through large box-shaped extraction devices and are processed, the obtained biomass fuels such as algae oil, biogas, and higher value astaxanthin, DHA and other healthy food and cosmetic raw materials complete the carbon fixation of the entire microalgae. process.

Among them, how to capture carbon dioxide from cement is the key. It is understood that the secret lies in the patented technology of capturing carbon dioxide by the calcium loop, and adding technologies and equipment such as a pure oxygen calcination rotary kiln calciner to the cement production line.

"The basic principle is that after the combination of calcium oxide (commonly known as lime) and carbon dioxide, the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) produced is subjected to high temperature treatment under controlled conditions to release only carbon dioxide, and the remaining material is reduced back to calcium oxide. It is possible to repeat the cycle between suction and discharge and achieve the purpose of capturing carbon dioxide. "Said Lu Junqin, a researcher at the Taiwan Industrial Research Institute, who participated in the research and development.

The carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas is captured and concentrated to a high concentration of 95%. In addition, when carbon dioxide is released from calcium carbonate, waste quicklime (CaO) can also completely become a cement raw material or an exhaust gas desulfurization absorbent, achieving zero emissions of waste.

Carbon capture is only part of the circular economy of the cement company. The local has also adopted the "three-in-one" development model of "port-plant power" integration, that is, the trinity development of cement plant, Heping Power Plant and Heping Port to achieve complementary energy and resource interoperability.

"Three-in-one" is built on the edge of the Pacific Ocean. Seawater can be used to condense high-temperature equipment in power plants. Cement plants use hundreds of thousands of tons of coal ash produced by power plants every year as raw materials for cement manufacturing. In addition to saving cement production costs, it also saves Power plant ash pond installation and treatment costs. In addition, the desulfurized gypsum produced by the flue gas desulfurization equipment of the power plant is also used as a cement retarder; meanwhile, the limestone powder produced by the cement plant is supplied for the desulfurization operation of the power plant.

Guangdong Yingde Cement Base also started to follow the above thinking. The two sets of 21,000 kW pure waste heat power stations built with the cement plant have an annual power generation capacity of 300 million kWh, an annual saving of 97,400 tons of standard coal, and can provide about one-third of the cement plant's own power. In addition, there are ports built along the river, and cement products can be directly transported on board and out of the port to avoid dust pollution caused by automobile transportation.

trend

Circular economy "grabbing play" cement industry upgrade

Regardless of whether it is carbon capture and breeding algae, or waste heat power generation, or co-processing of waste, the circular economy is more and more "playing a trick" in the transformation and upgrading of the traditional pollution industry, cement.

If it is said that the capture and utilization of carbon dioxide is still in its infancy, and more attention is focused on the middle and back end of production, then in the high-temperature calcination stage of the front end, cement production collaborative treatment of waste has been gradually developed in many places in China.

China Cement Association ^ said that using only 600 million tons of national cement capacity, half of the country's waste can be disposed of; if 25% of the total capacity of the cement industry is used each year, 60% of the country's 100 million tons of waste can be processed annually. . "Waste incineration power generation requires that the waste stay at the furnace temperature of 850 ° C for three seconds, and the dioxin is up to the standard. However, the temperature of the cement kiln is very high. The waste stays in the environment above 1000 ° C for more than 8 seconds. Both waste residue and fly ash can be used. Combined with the clinker formed by cement, the heavy metals in the waste are also used for cement without leaving land. "

Earlier this year, Huaxin Cement produced 2 million tons of cement per year in Enping, Guangdong, and was equipped with a pure low-temperature waste heat power generation system, as well as an environmentally-friendly cement clinker production line for co-processing municipal solid waste and municipal sludge. The Zhuhai Huaxin Cement Environmental Pretreatment Plant is scheduled to be put into operation within the year. The first phase of the project can handle 1,000 tons of domestic waste per day. TCC has also arranged such cement cellars for co-processing domestic waste projects in Shaoguan and many places in China.

Regardless of whether it is carbon capture and breeding algae, or waste heat power generation, or co-processing of waste, the circular economy is more and more "playing a trick" in the transformation and upgrading of the traditional pollution industry, cement.

Wang Huanzhong, vice president of Huaxin Cement, suggested that "the cement industry should consume and support combustible waste and municipal waste as advanced production capacity of the cement industry, so it should be retained and supported in a priority way. Eliminating backward production capacity is more targeted, which is in line with the state's transformation and upgrading of the industry to ecological and environmental protection direction."

Lu Kefu, deputy general manager of TCC Group, said that last year, two factories in Chongqing and Yingde in Guangdong spent 10 million yuan each to purchase carbon allowances. "Taking Guangdong's carbon trading practice as an example, the government first gave 97% of the unpaid quota, and 3% needed to be paid for purchase, but this year we have an energy-saving approach, and the 97% given by the government is sufficient."

"If carbon capture technology is applied more extensively and deeply, environmental protection can also be used as a business opportunity to provide processes and services." Gu Chengyun, chairman of Taiwan Cement Co., Ltd., said that the astaxanthin contained in a single algae in carbon capture farming is equivalent. For raising 10,000 shrimp.

In many European and American countries such as Norway, the cement industry exists in the form of collaborative waste treatment and power generation. According to data, about 2/3 of cement plants in developed countries currently use alternative fuels. "In the future, the production of cement is only a sideline of the industrial chain. It may be mainly capturing carbon dioxide for the production of healthy food or raw materials for cosmetics. This is a development trend in the future. Carbon capture and breeding of astaxanthin contained in algae, This is equivalent to raising 10,000 shrimp. "

According to Gu Chengyun's estimates, the current carbon capture cost of producing cement has fallen from the original level of 100-120 USD / ton to less than 60 USD. "In the future, we will make economical carbon capture and use it in large quantities. We will continue to R & D improvements, reducing costs to $ 20 / t. "

dialogue

Gu Chengyun, Chairman of Taiwan Cement Corporation

High cement demand in the next 8 to 10 years

Gu Chengyun, chairman of Taiwan Cement Co., Ltd., is the son of Gu Zhenfu, the first chairman of SEF. As a well-known Taiwanese businessman who has paid attention to the development of mainland China for many years and actively invested in many provinces, a reporter from Nanfang Daily recently interviewed him.

Nanfang Daily: As early as 2003, TCC chose Guangdong as the first stop to land in mainland China, and built a mainland production base in Yingde. What is the basis for this consideration?

Gu Chengyun: We have several reasons for choosing Guangdong first. The first is that Taiwan was originally located in South China, and East China and North China were far away from us. Therefore, we chose South China as the focus of development and Guangdong, Fujian, and Guangxi as our development bases. This is based on geographical location. . Second, there are more Taiwanese businessmen in Guangdong. The brand of TCC has a high reputation among Taiwanese businessmen. Third, we did a detailed market research. At that time, the cement supply in South China was still in short supply, and both Central and North China were close to equilibrium. In addition, we value the golden waterways of the Pearl River Delta and use the water transportation of Beijiang and Xijiang for transportation. Therefore, Guangxi Guigang, or Guangdong Yingde's two bases are both within the Pearl River water system, so as to radiate the entire South China.

Nanfang Daily: As the industry's environmental protection standards gradually improve, how will TCC respond?

Gu Chengyun: With regard to environmental protection, we hope that the environmental protection regulations can be as strict as possible. Environmental protection is a cost for many companies, but you can convert this cost into a business opportunity. Therefore, for large cement plants, we hope that the environmental protection efforts can be continuously strengthened, in fact, our advantages are even more prominent. We will not only cooperate actively, but also take the initiative to do so.

In fact, the true core value of TCC is sustainable operation, sustainable earth and sustainable environmental protection. The proportion of our business in cement, energy and environmental protection is becoming increasingly blurred, because cement is also environmentally friendly, and cement is also generating electricity. At present, the cement industry accounts for about 60% to 70%. The power generation part accounts for about 35%. The environmental protection part is still serviceable and currently has relatively low revenue, but the profit prospects are good.

Nanfang Daily: How to see the excess capacity of cement and future demand?

Gu Chengyun: Mainland China's demand for cement has three carriages, public construction, real estate development and urbanization. ^ Nearly public construction has slowed down a bit because most large infrastructures have reached a relatively mature stage. However, the development of private real estate, especially urbanization, has continued, so although it will not grow as high as the previous troika, it will continue to grow. I personally think that it can be maintained for 8-10 years, and then it will probably drop to 50% of the current high demand.

The overcapacity of the cement industry mainly refers to backward production capacity, or there are some cement operators who are not really professional. When they see the market is good, they jump in and will be eliminated in the future. This is why the mainland government requires the cement industry to merge and restructure To integrate and increase concentration.

Recently, many benefits have been released during the APEC period, especially the Belt and Road Initiative, which will drive many peers to invest in Southeast Asia and other countries.